Apparatus for the manufacture of salt.



H'. FRASGH. APPARATUS Fon THE MANUPAGTURB 0F SALT. APPLAOATION FILED APRRAB, 1892.

atented Jan, 26, M15.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

LAQQQQAAA :U/wai?? 2- A i` y gow/1 www@ l gy A. f y l @my H, PRASCH. APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFAGTURB OF SALTi APPLICATION FILED APR.18, 1892.

Ll@ @amm Jan. 2e, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Be i'; h; rf 1 Loaf@ li.. .LM AN Fliesen e ciizen oi" ehe nied Setee, residing-g at ieveiand. i the eouoy of Cuyahoga and Seite of {'jhio, have invented .certain :new and useful loiprovemeis in ,Apparatus for the demieeoie of, Seit? of which thefoliowmg, eoeoiceon .is friuli. clear. ond-exact .1- dieser] pmol;

mi 1'* i une loveuigoio reietes more particularly o the maoufeotureof sah; 'by preiiminoeiiy heating the brine seperate impurities, evepoi forme eo preorpiae @he seit,

and iio the apparsa .Vi'h

dreining, drying and soring mi compl-'ieee new or improved T in -eocozdence Lor the pupose. invenou ithe brine, ie has been subi to .Giicien preiminmy, ioni;- iog to ii he impuritiesy ie elioweoi quietiy to s-iie (oei-ire heating being with .dI-mvo) and gredueiiyfo evaporate andino come somewhat lowered iuA emperaure in o hoifste ied,oomoephere,euch me l' ri byinoioein@'heeetiiogchamber in the .seine hood which ineiosesone or more other che hors wherein eotie evagoration In operation the impuriem'ilig-tiiebrine in a cleansed condition foothe next orfgraningoperation, in which 'die hirne is again subjected to heet "ao evaporate che water for the produeiion, by orysteiiimtion .or greining, of thesai.

'io effect this inermedietefoleesing'o Athe brine, the Letter is .profereblyfexposediin a sheiow layer 11i vsuitable simiiowpano. The preliminary heaimg and hev grinning are also preferably performed in .Shallow pane,I

En orde that the operaioumay homer-- ried on in best nimmer7 seperate ehemhere1 or oomgai ments 'f ere. provided 'which are iii/.dosed in bhe Sane hood and inw/which the prei ii'izirv heeiiwi' the inermediete cieeiisirogmodio 'moy be .carried peeeaiion of Leiters Feten.

MANUFAUT'RE 0F SALT.

Pee-euhm?. 95am. fa.

simeiiteoeousiy, veuch chambers or eem- .meints heiiigiconueeted in eeiriesso that thehrinefmeybeconduoed from one to the oher. Ehe hline efer having isienrperu- 'ture reieedftoevfeot preoipimtionin `the preliminary hein-er is .Withdrawn ,from :the heat, whieh .by .Je'ehiishing .currents ends to maintain the impurities in suspension, and on its muy to 'the .repeses .for i eine: in the .cleansing chamber wherein it is no longer exposed to currents but felis gradually somewhat in temperature hyrzidiation :md vquiet eveporuior iu Lhehoi'yeteum iiod oir and whence it posees still hoi; into the greiiier. Preeticeiiy b 'ine from the precipiteong heeer .may ener the sei-tier or cleansing.Chamber while she ci brine iepnssin. ouf.' into the greiuor, "chos making c the operaiion continuous. The errangen'lent of seperate chambers or compartiments in seriee for heee operations isl economical, since trie other ohzii'ohere or compartments may be smell in Comparison with the greinere.

Further in accordance with the invention a sai'otehie on which the salt muy he placed for drainage is-ineiosed with en emporating pan. by a hood which ii's Closely around the saiitnbie end'is provi(v d .with suitable fiues or openings for the @scope of the vapors from thepen. By thus inolosing-a salt table wih the pan :in .the hood, the Sali. draining on Said ohio .is exposed to a. hot Veporous otmoepheremmd also to heat radiated or 1eected thereonffrom the hood, and therefore is subjected io conditions adapted to permit itto h'ein'efieetiveiy, .the impurities being carriedeway in the mother liquor.

So ffar as Iam :more it is new broadly to drain the Satimder a hood which inoioses eisoohe greiner or evaporator, and Whioh thus increases the empereture of the atmos phere surrounding' the enit and also radiates or refiects heet oufto i; 1e seit in draining; andthe inqeniion extends generaiiy to this improveineiifJ iiheihor .erried out-hy :i suit table or other drainage receptacle or recep- The .tah1es, or drain-.ige receptacles, are moet advantageously pieced at the marginfoithepeu. es they are hus heSoudnpted. for bhe reception and removalof the sub.

while She draining oA ehe eelt takes piece there as elliciently as, is not better than, in other parts oli the hood. An additional improvcmentI in this connection consists in a salt pan or evaporator provided with a salt table and having the pan bottom sloping upto meet such table, in combination with a hood inclosing the pan and its table. The sloping bottom permits the salt to be raked easily on to the salt tables, and 'when the doors of the hood are open the draft into the hood arries the vapor away from the workman who ralies the salt.

Further in accordance with the invention new and useful improvements, arrangements, and combinations of heating pipe in the evaporating pans, of evaporatifng' pans and steam generators and storage 0,1 drying bins, and of various parts oi the Works are eifected as will be explained be 10W.

In the accompanying drawings which form part of this specification, what is considered the best mode of carrying out the invention is illustrated.

Figure I is a plan o the salt works with the hoods of the evaporating pans removed,

Fig. ll is an elevation of the same, partly in section, with the hoods in place, Fig. lll is a partial view in longitudinal section on an enlarged scale, Fig'. 1V is a partial plan of one of the evaporating pans with the hood removed, and big. V is a. cross section of one of said pans on a still larger scale.

'l`he evaporating pans A, ol which a number are used, are of similar or identical conv struction and arrangement. ln each of them A is the preliminary heating chamber, A2 the cleansing chamber and A the graiiiing or pure salt chamber, they being formed by dividing the shallow panfA by the partitions 8 and 9. As shown the par titions are placed close to each other near one end of the pan leaving the graining chamber much larger than the others. 'lhe chamber A. communicates with the chamber A2 by an orerllow or opening 2O at the surface et the brine at one end of the partition 8, and the chamber A? with the chambei' A oy an overflow or opening 21 at the surface of the brine at the opposite end of the partition 9. Oriices 13 and 14 are also formed in the bottom ol the partitions for cleansing out. ln. use they soon become clogged and do not require to be plugged. In the chamber A are numerous heating pipes 11 and in the chamber A are heating pipes 10 with less heating surface as4 compared with the size of the chambers than the pipes 11, while the intermediate chamber A2 is without such pipes. Above the several compartments of the pan is a hood P, provided with vapors escapes or liues 12 and hinged doors 15 which give access to V the interior.

The brine to be boiled down enters the chamber A by the brine feed pi e lil. i by the overiiow 20 into the ch; thence by the overllow 21 into the grainer A3. The brine enters the chamber A at a. strength of about or above ninety per cent. of salt saturation, an is brought to ebullition and to s l "Trai (or nearly so) before it pases o the chamber i. The result of this preliminary heating in the chamber A is that the gypsum and otliei,"i1npurities are liberated, and in part these impurities settle out .in the said chamber; that which does not settle passes out with the brine. In the chamber .1- 2 the sat- "pirated brine boiling hot reposes and quietly lind gradually evaporates, becoming some What reduced in temperature. During this settling the atmosphere above the brine is duction of temperature in chamber A2. The

.result of this is `that the particles in suspension settle out, and a further precipitationv of salt and impuritiestalres place which also settle out, so that by the time the brine, which is still hot,'leaves this chamber it is ready to be evaporated forv salt. This evaporation or graining is jireiierably effected at a lower temperature than exists in the preliminary heating chamber AJ, although o't-course, the temperature may be high. or low according te the character or salt which it is desired to obtain. The hood over the pan, not only protects the brine in the cleansing chamber from air currents, but it also effects a slight gradual cooling and evaporation of the brine therein by maintaining a hot steam filled atmosphere above the brine and by radiation thereon, as well as makes it less costly to maintain appropriate temperatures in the chambers A and A3.

Each pan A shown is provided with a salt table A* forming a broad margin on each side of the said pan A, Whose bottom slopes upward to meet said salt table, so that the latter constitutes a continuation of the bottom permitting the salt easily to be raled frbm the bottom of the vat on to the salt table. The walls of the pan (see F ig. V) at least on the inside of the same as at 23, are composed ofbrine proof cement or hardened plastic material, the pan shown consisting of an outer shell 22 of boiler plate and a lining 234of suitable thickness of German or Hamburg cement, which is applied in' plastic condition and allowed to harden...

the brine proof cement or hardened plastic CJD CIK

message material. The partitions divide the pan into the series of chambers fl A? A. as before described.

The iron shell may be' composed of as many plates or pieces as desired. As shown 'the iieces are riveted together andthe rivet hea on the inside are embedded in the lining; which gives a smooth surface over .which the crystallized salt .can be raked easily and from which there is no danger of discoloration. n

lt is preferred to have the bottom of the pan A rounded (concave) in the middle and also rounded (convex) at 26 Where it meets the salt table both the iron shell 22 and the cement lining 23 being rounded at these points, as this -iiorm not only makes raking easier but also facilitates the application of. the cement and exposes it less to wear and to stresses tending to crack the cement.

The crystallized salt is raised over the sloping bottoni of the graining chamber AS ou to the sa t table A i where it is allowed to 'di-ain. Above the ,pan A and as shown inclosing the salt tables and' all three chambers A l2 ,A3, is the hoo-d l) built over the pan and provided with vapors escapes l2 and doors rhese doors are hinged` near "heir upper ends so that they can be swung up to give access to the pans. During the raking ot any part of the pan, the door opposite that part is raised and the inward draft carries the vapor away from the attendant Who performs the raking When the salt has been relied on to the salt table f t, whichl constitutes the draining receptacle, the doors are closed, and the loaded salt table being inclosed with the steam heated pan in the hood, the salt thereon drains in a hot vaporous atmosphere with exposure to heat radiated or reflected on to thesalt.

The coils l in the chamber A3 are supplied Witlr steam from the main. E and deliver-'the Waste steam or Water of condensation into the return main l?. ils shown the mains are placed in the middle or deepest part oi the pain the return main F at a. lower level, and the coils l0 are placed at an intermediate level between the mains. and project above the slopingbottom of the pans. The coils 1G are separated from each other leaving lane like spaces across the ends or" which are the sloping bottom of the pan and the salt tables. The coils are supported in the pan from the roofby the suspension bars 27 leaving' a raking space un- 'lcr the coils. lll'th this armnggementj the :eating capacity of the ycoils is distributed in ecco lance vitli the volume of brine in the different ris of the'pan, being greatest Where the brine is deepest. rl`he lane like spaces facilitatetheraking betiveeinthe coils and also enable the Workman to rake under the coils .more readily. Doors l of the hood are opposite the lane like spaces vE leads from the v which is a cock 'i'.

The evaporating pans A are heated by steam from a number of steam. generators B, there being as shown a generator for each evaporator although this identity of nurnber is not essential. All the steam generators supply steam to a trunk main (J from which all the evaporating paus receive their supply. A branch pipe D connects.l the steam space or deine of each generator .B `with the trunk main C and a stop cool; 2 is provided foreach branch l) so that the supply from each generator can be regulated independently oi' the others. .i branch main trunk main C to each evaporating pan n. and is provided With a cock 3 so that the supply for each can be regulated indeyiendently oil the others. For each branch main E is a return branch main F into which the heating coils l0 or' the evaporating pans deliver their Waste steam or water of condensation; and the branch return mains F all deliver their waste steam or condensed. Water into the return trunk main G and are each provided with a stop cock i. From the return trunk .main il branch pipe ll leads to the water space of each steam generator and is provided with a l stop coclr liv this arrangcn'ient it is possible to regulate the steam for each evapora tor or evaporating pan and to apportion the duty of supplying it amono the generators, and to regulate also` theamount of condensed water which shall be delivered to each boiler: moreover any generator or evaporator can be cut ott' if desired. In the return trunk main G' is placed a pump l the purpose of 'which is to assist the circle, lation of the fluid through the generators, mains, pipes and evaporators: but it is not essential. to employ it as a circulation may be secured by gravity, or if forcing means are desired other contrivances can be used.

ln order to supply the steameencrators with the additional Water yvhich they may need, a water supply pipe' li. is connected with the water space oi each generator B by a branch pipe L in which is a cock G. fr brine'eed pipe ill is connected with each evaporating panzfby a branch pipe N in The brine from the brine feed pipe M is delivered through the branch pipe N into the preliminary heating chamber A and i'lovvs thence by the overflows 20 and 2l successively into the chambers A2 and A3 which thus communicate in series with each other and with the chamber A by said overflows.

The bins Q are placed at a lower level and in part underneath the paus A. A number of these pans a shown arranged parallel with each other with .vulls between and the bins are liormcd under these pans and walks. The bins are separated by partitions Q t2 which run parallel with the pans A, und access is given to them from above through receiving openings R which extend along the salt tables Ait, the latter constituting continuous margins on the salt pans. The openings lt are ordinarily closed by traps or removable boards Rit. The floor openings are placed in such proximity tothe Salt tables that thc salt can be shoveled there from directly into the binsi as shown they are just outside the salt tables lVhen the salt table has been separated by evapd ration oi the brine in any pan A by means oi the heat from coils l0, it israked up the inclined floor onto a salt table A* on which it is allowed to rest until it is suliiciently dry to be pitched into the bin. This drying of the salt on the salt table is facilitated by the use of the hood l which retains the heat and also radiates or rel" lcts it down on the salt table. When the saltlon the salt table is sufficiently dry, the flooring R* is removed and the attendant can then shovel it directly into the bin. Thus from the formation of the salt crystals inthe pan to the storage to await shipment the only labor required is that of rakingthe salt on to the salt 'tables and oit' shovelmg it thence into the bin, both of which are easily performed.

In order that the atmosphere inthe bin 'may be kept drier, the. undersides of the )pans are exposed so that they form heaters for the bins. As shown they form part of the roof of the bins and thus radiate down on the salt from above, and exercise the greater eiiect on the salt last introduced 'into the bin.

In order to provide more than one bin for receivingl the salt by shoveling` directly from the salt tables, openings near the salt tables are provided giving access to ditl'erent bins Jleithcr directly or by means of chutes.. As shown two bins come together under the walk S between two f rraining pans A, the partition Q which divides them running parallel with the pans midway between them. The walk S is so narrow thata workman can shovel the salt from the Salt table A* on either side 01"' the walk into the opening,r R on the other. Hc may therefore shovel the salt into either bin. lnstead of pitching across the walk a chute 'l formed of a removable board as indicated in dotted .lines, may be arranged under the opening next to the salt table and across the par tition Q- so as to deliver the salt into the next bin. placed under the middle of the pans lengthwise of the same, thus providing two bins for each pan.

` I claim as my invention or discovery l. The combination with a. grainer, and a preliminary preeipitator, of an intermediate cleansing chamber connected with said precipitator and said grainer, and a, vapor conning hood inclosing said intermediate chamber and one of the others, said precipitatol' Preferably partitions Q are y and grainer being each provided with heating' means, and said intermediate chamber being A 2. The combination with a grainer, andA a preliminary heater, of an intermediate cleansing chamber connected with said heater and said Lgramer, and means whereby -a hot vapor-filled atmosphere is conlined over the brine in said intermediate chamber,- and steam 1s supplied to said atmosphere otherwise than from the brine in said inter mediate chamber, substantially as described. 3. The combination of the preliminary heating chamber, the brine-delivering means for said chamber, the cleansing chamber communicating with the first mentioned chamber, means for confining an atmosphere over the brine in said cleansing chamber and supplying steam to said atmosphere otherwise than from the brine in said cleansing chamber, the grainer oi' greater holding" capacity than either of the other chambers mentioned, and -the heating; means for said grainer having' a suitably smaller heating surface in comparison with Vthe holding capacity than -the heating' means for said preliminary heating chamber, so as to cause ebullition in the latter .while quiet evaporation goes on in the `strainer, substantially as described. v

i. The evaporating pan divided by partitions into three compartments, comnfiunicatn inn in series, and provided with the heating coils exclusively in the end compartments and with the vapor confining hood over all, substantially as described.

5. The evapolntingl pan in the form of a shallow pan with bottom sloping; upward from the middle portion outwardly to and above the brine level, divided into a preliminary heating and an intermediate cleansing and a draining,T chamber by partitions and provided with openings in said partitions at the brine level near the margins of the pan where the layersoll brine are very shallow, said chambers communicating in series lwith each other through said openings, substantially as described.

(i. A salt pan or evaporator provided above the brine level with a brinedischargin salt table and having' a ,vapoihconiining ho d which fits the said pan at'its margins and iucloses the said salt table as well as the brine space or body of said pan., substantially as described.

7. A salt pan or evaporator provided above the brine levelwith a brine-discharging; salt table .at the margin of the pan adn joining a walk for the workmen and hav'- ing a vapor-confining hood which fits the said pan at its margins, thus intervening between said salt table and said walk and inclosing the said salt table as well. as the Siy ' tom of the brine space or body of the pan on to the Asaid salt table, substantially as described.

8. The combination of a pan, means for heating the same, a brine-discharging saltholding receptacle above the brine level, and a vapor-confining hood which fits the said pan at its margins and incloses the salt-holding receptacle as well as the brine space or body of said pan, substantially as described.

9. The combination of a pan, means for heating the same, a brine-discharging saltholding receptacle above the brine level at the margin of the pan, and a vapor-confining hood which ts the said pan at its margins and incloses the salt-holding receptacle as well as the brine space or body of said pan, substantially as described.

10. An elongated pan, whose bottom slopes to a long side, having longitudinal mains at different levels, the lower main in the deep part of the pan, and also having transverse heating coils within the brine space at anfintermediate level so as to extend over the said sloping bottom, -said coils being connected at their opposite ends with the' respective mains, substantially as described.

1l. A pan, in combination with heating coils within the brine space or body of said pan arranged with open-ended lane like` spaces of a width to admit a salt-rakingimplement between adjacent coils, the coils ter-v minating at a suitable distance vfrom the pans edge and being disconnected from each other so that the salt-raking implement may pass under and out from between the coils,

substantially as described.

12. An elongated pan provided with a salt table at the, margin of one ofthe long sides above the brine level and having the bottom sloping: up to meet' said table, in combination g with longitudinal mains at different l levels where the pan is deepand transverse heating coils within the brine space or body of said pan terminating at a suitable distance from the pans edge and being arranged with yopen-ended lane like spaces of a Width to admit a salt-raking implement between adjacent coils, the open ends of said spaces being next to *the margin of said pan, substantially as described; y

13. A pan having the heating coils within the brine space or body of the pan arranged with open-ended lane like spaces of a width to admit a salt-raking implement betweenv adjacent coils, in combination with a vaporconfining hood which tits the 'margins of said pan and is provided with doors oppolcipitator to'the site the open ends of said lane like spaces, substantially as described.

14. A pan provided With a salt table at the margin above the brine level, in combination with the heating coils within the brine space or body of the pan arranged with open-ended lane like spaces of a width to admit a salt-raking implement between adjacent coils, and a vapor-confining hood which fits the margins of said pan and is provided with doors opposite the open-.ends of said lane like spaces, substantially as described. 'i

l5. .The combination of the elongated pan divided by partitions near one end into a preliminary heating chamber andA a graining chamber communicating therewith, the brine feeding pipe emptying into said preliminary heating chamber, and the heating coils connected with the sama supply circuit and arranged Within the brim spaces of said chambers to heat both said chambers and to furnish al comparatively larger extent of heating surface in the said preliminary chamber, so that by the same steam the brine may be kept in ebullition in said preliminary heating chamber while it is quietly evaporated in the graining chamber, substantially as described.

16. The combination of the elongated evaporating pan divided by partitions near one end into a preliminary heating chamber and a graining chamber communicating tnerewith, the brine feed pipe emptying into said preliminary heating chamber, a main level, the heating coils in the grainer at an intermediate level having their ends connected with said mains, and the heating coils of greater capacity in the preliminary heating chamber, substantially as described.

17. The combination with a grainer, and a preliminary precipitator, of an intermediate cleansing chamber connected with said precipitator and said grainer, and a hood inclosing said intermediate chamber and both the said grainer and the said precipitator, these latter being each provided with heating means, and said intermediate chamber being constructed and arranged for the repose of the brine on its way from the pregrainer, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed this speciication in the presence of two wit- HGSSGS.

HERMAN FRASCH. Witnesses N. J. Wormer, 'l1 Lorna/IAN. 

